Uphuphe ukuhudulela abathengi emuva ku-Oxford Street, igquma elenziwe nge- £ 2m selivele lihlupheka ngenxa yokushisa. Ingabe izohlinzeka ngezikhathi ze-Instagram - noma ingxoxo ngokushisa komhlaba wonke?
Yakha igquma bazoza. Lokhu, okungenani, yilokho umkhandlu waseWestminster ubheja kukho, njengoba ukhiphe imali engango- £ 2m esidulini sesikhashana. Ukukhuphukela phezulu entshonalanga ye-Oxford Street njengegobolondo eliluhlaza elinezici, elibukeka njengezwe elivela kumdlalo wevidiyo ophansi, iMarble Arch Mound engamamitha angama-25 ingenye yezindlela ezingalindelekile zokuvuselela imigwaqo yethu ephakeme ehlaselwe yiCovid .
"Kufanele unikeze abantu isizathu sokuza endaweni," kusho uMelvyn Caplan, iphini lomholi womkhandlu. “Abagcini ngokuza ezitolo zakwa-Oxford Street. Abantu banentshisekelo kokuhlangenwe nakho nezindawo lapho beya khona. ” Ubhadane lubone cishe izitolo ezingama-17% emgwaqweni wezitolo odume kakhulu waseLondon kuvaleke ngokuphelele.
Kuyathenjwa ukuthi isiduli siyindlela entsha yokuheha abantu ukuthi babuyele eWest End, okunikeze ithuba lezikhathi ezingabiwa kakhulu ze-Instagram, ngale kwama-selfie anezikhwama zeSelfridges. Kusukela ngoMsombuluko, sebebhukhe kusengaphambili futhi bakhokha imali engu- $ 4.50- £ 8 yamathikithi, izivakashi zizokwazi ukukhuphuka izitebhisi eziqonde phezulu esiqongweni segquma (noma uthathe ilifti), zijabulele ukubukwa okuphakeme kweHyde Ipaki, thumela ezinye izithombe, bese wehla ngezitebhisi ezinjengomlilo ungene endaweni yombukiso kanye nekhefi. Kuyisibonelo esedlulele sohlobo lomkhiqizo wokuhlekisa wokusetha-ukugqoka “okwenzeka” emadolobheni okwenziwe kwathandwa yimithombo yezokuxhumana. Kepha bekufanele kube ngukuqina okukhulu.
"Ekuqaleni sasifuna ukuthi igquma limboze ngokuphelele leli khothamo," kusho uWiny Maas, umlingani ongumsunguli weMVRDV, inkampani yezokwakha yaseDashi engemuva kwe-pop-up hillock. "Leyo bekuyingxoxo ethokozisayo, ake ngikubeke kanjalo." Ochwepheshe bezokongiwa kwemvelo beluleke ukuthi ukusibekela isakhiwo samatshe cishe seminyaka engama-200 ebumnyameni ngokuphelele izinyanga eziyisithupha kungaba sengozini yokunciphisa amalunga odaka, okuholele ekuweni okungenzeka. Isixazululo bekuwukusika ekhoneni legquma esikhundleni salokho, kushiye isikhala salo khothamo nokwenza indunduma ibukeke njengemodeli yekhompiyutha ebanjwe maphakathi nokunikezwa, iveze isakhiwo se-wireframe scaffolding ngaphansi.
Uma ifomu le-polygonal elinokuxazululwa okuphansi kwentaba likunikeza i-retro vibe, kunesizathu. KwaMaas, lo msebenzi umele izithelo zomqondo owaqanjwa eminyakeni engaba ngu-20 eyedlule, lapho inkampani yakhe yaphakamisa ukuthi kungcwatshwe iSerpentine Gallery yaseLondon ngaphansi kwegquma lokuzenzela ebhandeni lalo lasehlobo ngo-2004. Yenzelwe ukuxhaswa ngohlaka lwensimbi, kunokuba iscaffolding, ngakho-ke isabelomali siphume ngaphandle kokulawulwa futhi uhlelo lwasuswa, kuphila ngomlando wegalari njengephantom pavilion ebalekile.
Ukubona iMarble Arch Mound ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ivulekele umphakathi, kunzima ukungazibuzi ukuthi ngabe bekungcono yini ukuthi ihlale injalo. Izithombe zekhompiyutha ezakhiwe ngobuhlakani zinomkhuba wokudweba isithombe esinethemba, futhi nalokhu kunjalo. Ngenkathi izinhlelo ze-CGI ziveza indawo enothile yohlaza olujiyile, olunezihlahla ezivuthiwe, iqiniso liyi-sedum matting encane ebambelela ngokuqinile ezindongeni zesakhiwo, ezifakwa izihlahla ezinwetshiwe ngezikhathi ezithile. I-heatwave yakamuva ayizange isize, kepha akekho uhlaza olubukeka lujabule.
“Akwanele,” kuvuma uMaas. “Sonke sazi kahle kamhlophe ukuthi idinga izinto eziningi. Ukubalwa kokuqala kwakungokwesitebhisi, bese kuba nakho konke okungeziwe. Kepha ngicabanga ukuthi isavula amehlo abantu futhi ivuse ingxoxo eshubile. KULUNGILE ukuthi ibe sengozini. ” Izihlahla zizobuyiselwa enkulisa lapho igquma lidilizwa, kanti olunye uhlaza “lusetshenzisiwe kabusha”, kodwa kusazobonakala ukuthi bakusiphi isimo ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha besesikafeni. Umbuzo obuye ulenge phezu kwehlathi lesikhashana lehlobo eSomerset House eseduze, noma ukuqoqwa kwezithombo ze-oki eziyi-100 ngaphandle kweTate Modern - konke lokhu okwenza ucabange ukuthi izihlahla mhlawumbe zingcono uma ushiye phansi.
I-MVRDV ithintwe wumkhandlu ngemuva kokuthi esinye sezikhulu zawo sibone iphrojekthi yawo yezitebhisi zesikhashana eRotterdam e2016, okwakuyisikhathi esihle kakhulu senjabulo yasedolobheni. Ziphuma esiteshini, izivakashi zamukelwa ngezitebhisi ezinkulu zokugcwala izitezi, izinyathelo eziyi-180 eziholela ophahleni oluphakeme ngamamitha angama-30 lwehhovisi langemva kwempi, lapho kungathathwa khona imibono ebanzi yedolobha. umuzwa odabukisayo wokuzungeza ithempeli laseMayan, futhi kwagqugquzela izingxoxo zedolobha lonke mayelana nokuthi uRotterdam angamakhilomitha ayi-18 sq ophahla oluyisicaba lungasetshenziswa kanjani, kwavula imizamo eminingi futhi kwengeza umfutho emcimbini waminyaka yonke wophahla.
Ingabe isiduli singaba nomphumela ofanayo eLondon? Ngabe sizozibona izivimbamgwaqo zakamuva zedolobha zigcwele izintaba ezincane? Cishe cha. Kepha ngaphandle kokunikeza ukuchezuka kwesikhashana ekuthengeni, iphrojekthi kuhloswe ngayo ukuphakamisa ingxoxo enkulu mayelana nokuthi ikusasa laleli kona elingathandeki lingathatha luhlobo luni.
"Asihleleli indunduma unomphela," kusho uCaplan, "kepha sibheka izindlela zokuthuthukisa indawo yezimfunda nokuletha ezinye izinto ku-Oxford Street." Le phrojekthi iyingxenye yohlelo lwe- £ 150m lokuthuthukiswa kombuso womphakathi, osuvele ubone ukwandiswa kwepavumente kanye “namapaki” esikhashana ethulwa eceleni komgwaqo ngemizamo yokuthokozisa umsele ongapheli wamabhasi, amatekisi kanye no-rickshaws. Umncintiswano wokwenza ukwakheka kwabahamba ngezinyawo ngokwengxenye kwe-Oxford Circus uzoqala ngasekupheleni kwalo nyaka, futhi.
Kepha iMarble Arch isiphakamiso esikhohlisayo. Sekuyisikhathi eside kukhishwe ukuhlangana kwemigwaqo eminingana ematasa, isisulu sezinhlelo zonjiniyela bemigwaqo yangemva kwempi. I-arch uqobo lwayo yaklanywa ekuqaleni nguJohn Nash ngo-1827 njengendawo enkulu yokungena eBuckingham Palace, kepha yathuthelwa kuleli kona laseHyde Park ngo-1850 ukwakha isango elikhulu loMbukiso Omkhulu. Yahlala njengendawo yokungena epaki iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, kepha ukwakheka komgwaqo omusha ngo-1908 kwawushiya unqamukile, wakhushulwa wukuqhubeka nokwandiswa komgwaqo ngawo-1960.
Kwahlelwa izinhlelo ngeminyaka yama-2000 zokuxhuma i-arch emuva epaki, ngohlelo olwaklanywa nguJohn McAslan njengengxenye yohlelo lwemeya uKen Livingstone's 100 Public Spaces. Njengamapaki amaningi kaKen athenjisiwe kanye nama-piazzas, bekuwukucabanga okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kakhulu kunesiphakamiso esinzima, futhi i- £ 40m yokuxhasa lo msebenzi ayizange yenzeke. Esikhundleni salokho, eminyakeni eyi-17 kamuva, sinokuheha okwesikhashana okwenziwe ngamagquma, okuvalelwe ku-roundabout, okwenza okuncane ukushintsha isipiliyoni sokuwela imithambo eminyene yethrafikhi.
UMaas, nokho, ukholelwa ukuthi lesi siduli singakhuthaza ukucabanga okukhulu. “Cabanga nje uma uphakamise iHyde Park engxenyeni ngayinye yalo,” kuheha yena, ngokumangala kwakhe okwejwayelekile. "Ikhoneni likaSomlomo lingaguqulwa libe uhlobo lwenduna, ngombono ophelele ezweni elingapheli."
Eminyakeni edlule, intshiseko yakhe iye yathakatha amaklayenti amaningi ekuthengeni kuhlobo oluthile lwe-MVRDV lwe-landscape alchemy. Indodana yensimu kanye nembali yezimbali, enokuqeqeshwa kokuqala njengomdwebi wezakhiwo, uMaas uhlale eza ezakhiweni njengamathafa kuqala. Iphrojekthi yokuqala ye-MVRDV ngonyaka we-1997 kwakuyikomkhulu lomsakazi womphakathi waseDashi i-VPRO, okwakubonakala kuphakamisa inhlabathi bese kuligoqa liye emuva naphambili ukwakha isakhiwo samahhovisi, esifakwe ngophahla olujiyile lotshani. Muva nje, bakhe isakhiwo semyuziyamu eRotterdam esime njengesitsha sesaladi sithweswe ihlathi elintantayo, futhi manje sebeqedela isiGodi saseAmsterdam, intuthuko enkulu yokusetshenziswa okuxubene nezitshalo.
Bajoyina inqwaba yamabhizinisi okuhweba ngezinzipho ezineminwe eluhlaza okotshani, kusukela kumafulethi “aqondile” aseStefano Boeri eMilan naseChina, kuya kuphrojekthi yeThomas Heatherwick engu-1 000 yezihlahla eShanghai, lapho ibona izihlahla ziboshwe ezimbizeni zikakhonkolo ezigxotsheni ngomzamo wokufihla inxanxathela yezitolo enkulu ngaphansi. Akukhona konke ukuhlanzwa okuluhlaza okotshani, noma kunjalo, ukusebenzisa okokuhlobisa okungenamqondo ukuphazamisa amathani kakhonkolo nensimbi elambile ngezansi?
"Ucwaningo lwethu lokuqala lubonisa ukuthi izakhiwo eziluhlaza zingaba nomphumela wokupholisa we-1C," kusho uMaas, "ngakho-ke kungaba yisinyathelo esibalulekile ekulweni nesiqhingi esishisa amadolobha. Ngisho nabathuthukisi abayisebenzisela nje ukufihla izakhiwo zabo kancane, okungenani kuyisiqalo. Ungayibulala ingane ingakazalwa, kodwa ngifuna ukuyivikela. ”
Isikhathi Iposi: Jul-30-2021